A new study by the South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute (SAHMRI) and Flinders University reveals that a significant number of Australian infants and toddlers are not consuming enough choline, a crucial nutrient for brain development found in eggs.
According to the research, only 35% of infants (6-12 months) and 23% of toddlers (12-24 months) meet the recommended choline intake set by Australia’s National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC).
Choline is essential for healthy brain function, muscle control, the nervous system, and metabolism. Despite its importance, this study marks the first time data has been collected on dietary choline intake among Australian children.
Dr. Najma Moumin, a researcher at SAHMRI, emphasises the urgency of the findings: “The low choline intakes revealed within our study is concerning, as the first two years of life are a critical period for growth and neurodevelopment. Low dietary choline intake may negatively impact cognitive development.”
The study found that breastmilk is the primary source of choline for children, contributing 42% of the total intake in infants and 14% in toddlers. However, children who also consumed eggs had the highest choline intakes and were more likely to meet NHMRC recommendations.
Previous studies have shown the long-term benefits for children whose mothers consumed adequate choline during pregnancy. The recommended choline intake for pregnant and breastfeeding women is 440 mg and 550 mg per day, respectively. Despite these recommendations, the 2011/13 National Nutrition and Physical Survey found that fewer than one percent of pregnant and lactating women in Australia meet these intake levels, indicating a need for improvement in maternal diets.
Sharon Natoli, accredited dietitian and founder of Food & Nutrition Australia, highlights the role of eggs in providing choline: “Eggs are a significant source of choline in the Australian diet, providing more than double the amount of choline per 100 grams than any other commonly eaten food. One egg contains around 164 mg of choline. By eating two eggs per day, Australians will achieve most of their daily intake.”
Natoli also points out that choline is beneficial for many demographics, including older Australians. “Eggs are nutrient-dense, delicious, versatile, and cost-effective, making them an appropriate food inclusion for any age group.”
The study involved 1,140 parent caregivers and children in 2021, providing a comprehensive look at the dietary habits of Australian families regarding choline intake.
